The phaseout of third-party cookies by Google, Apple, and Mozilla, as well as stricter regulations, is reshaping digital marketing as we know it. Cookie alternatives are emerging but aren’t widely adopted yet. How can marketers navigate these shifts while meeting growing expectations for consumer privacy?
This article explores the concept of cookieless marketing, and effective strategies to help you navigate this new terrain while maintaining compliance with privacy laws.
Cookieless marketing refers to strategies for targeting and engaging users without relying on third-party cookies, focusing instead on privacy-conscious data collection methods.
As privacy concerns grow, major browsers like Firefox and Safari have already taken steps to block third-party cookies by default, and Google Chrome had initially planned to follow suit before reversing its decision. This shift is set to reshape how advertisers approach strategies like targeting and retargeting.
Despite these changes, a 2023 Adobe study revealed that 75% of marketers heavily rely on third-party cookies to track user behaviour and tailor advertising efforts. However, as third-party cookies become less reliable, marketers will be forced to explore alternative methods for understanding user behaviour, personalising content, and measuring performance.
Benefits of cookieless marketing for privacy and compliance
Enhanced user privacy
By reducing reliance on third-party tracking, cookieless marketing respects user privacy and gives individuals more control over their data. This aligns with growing consumer expectations and regulatory requirements surrounding data protection.
Improved compliance with data protection laws
Cookieless strategies often rely more heavily on first-party data and consent-based approaches, making it easier for businesses to comply with regulations like the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA).
Building trust and brand loyalty
Transparent data practices and respect for user privacy can enhance brand reputation and foster stronger customer relationships, leading to increased trust and loyalty over time. A Cisco study found that privacy is a critical enabler of customer trust, with 94% of organizations acknowledging that customers won’t buy from them if data isn’t properly protected.
To thrive in a cookieless world, marketers need to adopt new approaches and technologies. Here are seven effective strategies to consider:
1. First-party data
First-party data, collected directly from your audience with their consent, becomes increasingly valuable in cookieless marketing. It can include website interactions, purchase history, email subscriptions and customer feedback and surveys.
To maximise the value of first-party data:
- Implement a robust Customer Data Platform (CDP) to centralise and analyse data from various touchpoints.
- Use progressive profiling techniques to gradually collect more information from users over time.
- Offer clear value propositions to encourage users to share their data willingly.
A 2023 survey by eMarketer found that 43% of US marketers and agencies use first-party data when working with media sellers.
2. Zero-party data
Zero-party data, information shared voluntarily by consumers, is key to personalised marketing in a cookieless world. As data deprecation limits access to customer information, it provides brands with valuable insights to deliver relevant, tailored experiences. Zero-party data offers several advantages:
- Enhanced personalisation: By understanding customer preferences and intentions, brands can tailor experiences and communications more effectively.
- Improved accuracy: Since zero-party data is provided directly by consumers, it tends to be more accurate than inferred data.
- Increased consumer trust: Collecting data with explicit consent fosters trust and strengthens customer relationships.
A Forrester study reveals that 90% of marketers are actively adjusting their strategies to address data deprecation by focusing on capturing zero-party data.
3. Contextual advertising
Contextual advertising targets users based on the content they’re currently viewing, rather than their past behavior across websites. This approach is privacy-friendly and can be highly effective when done right. To implement contextual advertising:
- Use AI and machine learning algorithms to analyse page content and match it with relevant ads.
- Create diverse ad creatives to suit different contexts and themes.
- Continuously test and refine your contextual targeting strategies.
A Capterra survey found that 84% of consumers would be more willing to share personal information if they understood what was being collected and why.
4. Privacy Sandbox and Topics API
Google’s Privacy Sandbox initiatives, including the Topics API, and Protected Audience & Attribution Reporting aim to provide privacy-preserving alternatives to third-party cookies. These technologies group users with similar interests without individually identifying them. To prepare for these changes:
- Stay informed about the latest developments in Privacy Sandbox technologies as Google has rolled out the APIs to all Chrome users in preparation for the depreciation of third-party cookies in 2025.
- Test the Topics API to evaluate its impact on your advertising strategies and to fine-tune your campaigns using cohort-based targeting.
- Adapt your audience targeting strategies to work with these new cohort-based approaches.
Note: The UK’s Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) is closely monitoring Google’s evolving Privacy Sandbox and has raised competition concerns.
5. Email marketing
Email marketing remains a powerful tool in a cookieless world, as it relies on first-party data and direct user consent. To maximise its effectiveness:
- Segment your email lists based on user preferences and behaviours
- Implement personalisation using dynamic content
- Use AI-powered tools to optimise send times and content for individual recipients
- Ensure compliance with email marketing regulations like CAN-SPAM and GDPR
6. Identity resolution and unified ID solutions
Identity resolution technologies help create a unified view of customers across different touchpoints without relying on third-party cookies. Some approaches include:
- Deterministic matching using authenticated user data
- Probabilistic matching based on multiple data points
- Adoption of industry initiatives like Unified ID 2.0
- Using Publisher Provided Identifiers (PPIDs)
When implementing these solutions, ensure transparency and obtain proper user consent to maintain compliance with privacy regulations.
7. Privacy-preserving analytics
As traditional analytics tools face challenges in a cookieless world, new privacy-preserving analytics solutions are emerging. These tools provide valuable insights while respecting user privacy:
- Google Analytics 4 (GA4) with its event-based model and machine-learning capabilities
- Privacy-focused analytics platforms like Fathom or Plausible
- Server-side tracking solutions that give you more control over data collection and processing
When adopting these tools, make sure to configure them in compliance with applicable privacy laws and clearly communicate your data practices to users.
Tools to simplify the transition to cookieless marketing
To ease the transition to cookieless marketing and ensure compliance, consider using specialised tools and platforms:
- Consent Management Platforms (CMPs): Tools like CookieYes CMP help you obtain and manage cookie consent for data collection and processing, ensuring compliance with GDPR and other privacy regulations.
- Customer Data Platforms (CDPs): Platforms such as Segment or Tealium unify customer data from various sources, providing a single view of the customer without relying on third-party cookies.
- Server-Side Tagging Solutions: Tools like Google Tag Manager Server-Side or Cloudflare Workers allow you to move data collection and processing to your servers, reducing reliance on client-side cookies.
- Privacy-Preserving Ad Tech: Explore solutions like LiveRamp’s Authenticated Traffic Solution (ATS) or The Trade Desk’s Unified ID 2.0 for cookieless advertising capabilities.
Further reading
Consent management in a cookieless world
The shift to cookieless marketing emphasises privacy, transparency, and user control. CMPs like CookieYes empower businesses to navigate the complexities of privacy regulations effortlessly, fostering trust and transparency in a cookieless world. It offers:
- Customisable consent banners: Clearly inform users about data collection and allow easy preference management.
- Google Consent Mode: Adjust tracking based on consent preferences, enhancing compliant ad performance.
- IAB TCF Integration: Align with industry standards for targeted ads and performance tracking.
- Automatic cookie scanning: Identify and categorise cookies to ensure accurate cookie management.
- Granular user control: Enable users to adjust preferences for essential, performance, or marketing cookies.
- CMS integration: Seamlessly implement and manage consent on any platform.
- Compliance reporting: Generate detailed reports to demonstrate regulatory adherence.
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TL;DR on how to prepare for cookieless marketing
By embracing these cookieless marketing strategies and leveraging the right tools, you can turn the challenges of a privacy-first world into opportunities for innovation and growth.
Strategy | Key tools |
Develop a comprehensive first-party and zero-party data approach | CRM platforms (e.g., Salesforce, HubSpot), CDPs (Segment, BlueConic) |
Focus on contextual advertising | Platforms with contextual advertising capabilities (e.g., GumGum, Oracle Contextual Intelligence) |
Test Google’s Privacy Sandbox and Topics API | Google Ad Manager, Chrome Developer Tools for API testing |
Strengthen email marketing through segmentation and personalisation | Email marketing platforms with advanced segmentation (e.g., Mailchimp, Klaviyo) |
Implement identity resolution and unified ID solutions | Unified ID 2.0, LiveRamp, Neustar Identity Resolution |
Adopt privacy-preserving analytics tools | Matomo, Plausible Analytics, Google Analytics 4 (with privacy-compliant configurations) |
Leverage specialised tools for a smooth transition to cookieless marketing | CookieYes (consent management), Segment, Tealium (CDP), Google Tag Manager Server-Side, Cloudflare Workers (server-side tagging), LiveRamp ATS, Unified ID 2.0 (privacy-preserving ad tech) |
Remember, the key to success in this new era is adaptability and a commitment to ethical data practices. Stay informed about emerging technologies, continuously test and refine your strategies, and always prioritise user privacy and consent in your marketing efforts.
Challenges in preparing for the post-cookie era
Increased reliance on “Walled Gardens”
As third-party cookies phase out, marketers are turning to “walled gardens” like Google and Facebook for targeted advertising. These platforms offer extensive first-party data, enabling precise targeting. However, this reliance can limit access to diverse data sources and marketing channels, potentially increasing costs and reducing campaign flexibility.
US marketers allocate nearly 60% of their digital media budgets to a handful of dominant walled garden platforms, including Google, Meta, Amazon, Microsoft, and TikTok.
Challenges for small businesses
Small businesses with limited digital touchpoints face difficulties in scaling first-party data. Without third-party cookies, gathering sufficient data for meaningful customer insights becomes challenging. This limits their ability to run personalized, high-performing campaigns, making it harder to compete with larger organizations.
Impact on ad performance and measurement
The deprecation of third-party cookies disrupts traditional tracking and retargeting, reducing ad performance accuracy. This shift can lead to inefficiencies in ad spend allocation and campaign optimization.
Close to 45% of publishers anticipate a substantial decline in ad revenue, with concerns about the impact increasing by 120% year-over-year.
Concerns over Privacy Sandbox
Publishers and advertisers have expressed concerns over reduced revenue potential and the technical complexities of implementing Privacy Sandbox. For instance, early testing revealed ad revenue drops of up to 60% for publishers relying on Privacy Sandbox tools compared to traditional methods.
Google is phasing out third-party cookies to align with growing privacy regulations (like GDPR and CCPA) and address user concerns about online tracking. They aim to create a more secure and privacy-first web environment while introducing alternative advertising solutions, such as the Privacy Sandbox. However, Google has backtracked on some of its initial plans, delaying the full implementation of this phase-out to allow more time for testing and industry feedback on the new privacy-focused alternatives.
Yes, cookieless tracking is legal when done in compliance with privacy regulations like GDPR and CCPA. It often involves using privacy-focused methods such as contextual targeting, first-party data collection, and anonymised identifiers. These approaches aim to balance effective advertising with user privacy concerns.
First-party and zero-party data: Leverage first-party and zero-party data collected directly from customer interactions.
Contextual advertising: Ads will be targeted based on the context of the website or app, rather than the user’s individual behavior.
Privacy-preserving analytics: Marketers will use analytics tools that respect user privacy and comply with data protection regulations.
Identity resolution and unified ID solutions: These technologies will help marketers identify and track users across different platforms and devices without relying on third-party cookies.
Third-party cookies are being phased out, not cookies in general. The move away from third-party cookies is primarily driven by privacy regulations such as GDPR and CCPA and evolving user expectations. In response, alternative technologies like first-party data, server-side tracking, Google’s Privacy Sandbox, and contextual advertising are emerging to replace the role of third-party cookies in cross-site tracking and personalized advertising.
First-party cookies — those set by the website the user is visiting — remain in use for functions like remembering preferences and login details.